5.0L Ti-VCT V8 Engine. This legendary available Ford V8 delivers all the muscle you need to pull or haul. Experience robust 400 horsepower and 410 lb.-ft. of torque,* courtesy of twin independent variable camshaft timing (Ti-VCT). As well as the Ford port-fuel and direct-injection (PFDI) system with two injectors per cylinder — one in the air ...Our V-8-powered F-150 managed 0.78 g of grip on the skidpad and looped the figure eight in 27.5 seconds at an average of 0.62 g. "This isn't a good test for pickups," road test editor Chris Walton ...Feb 25, 2021 · But the 5.0L V8 engine helps, too. With the 5.0 you get 395 horsepower with 470 ft. lbs. of torque, and a towing capacity of 7,000 pounds. The payload capacity comes in at 2,080 pounds with a cargo capacity of 52.8 to 77.4 cubic feet, depending on your cab and trim level. You can hit 60mph in just 6.2 seconds, and run the quarter-mile in 15.45. The Ford F150 is one of the most popular and powerful trucks on the market. It has been a staple of American roads for decades, and its reputation for reliability and performance i...1986-1995 Ford F150 F250 Bronco 2.8L 4.9L 5.0L 5.8L 7.5L 1986-1995 Ford Mustang 5.0 / 2.3L. Description isconnect your stock EGR valve and breathe life into your motor, while keeping your check engine light off, but active for future problems! This is an EGR valve simulator, which plugs into the stock EGR wiring harness providing the ECU with a ...Jun 17, 2023 ... I review a 2023 Ford F150 5.0L coyote V8 engine as a heavy duty mechanic and compare it to the 3.5L EcoBoost when it comes to towing.2015 - 2020 Ford F150 - Boss 302 Intake Manifold On 2015+ F-150 5.0s? - I have a 2017 F-150 5.0 and I had the P2006 and P2007 CEL codes come up back in October. I tried to order a new intake manifold from multiple places, and everyone told me they were back ordered until middle of Nov then in Nov they said middle of...2015 - 2020 Ford F150 - 5.0 Engine Knocking - Hey all, Wondering if anyone else has had this issue, or rather if you think it's a problem or normal. This is my first F-150 with the 5.0 so I'm not familiar with any of its characteristics , My truck is 2017 XLT 5.0L with only 18K miles. I bought this used in October.The 6.2 L V8 engine is the largest and most powerful engine in the 2011 F150 series. With the most power, it has 411 hp and 434 lb.-ft of torque. The 6.2 L V8 engine in the 2011 Ford F150 has an automatic transmission and has a maximum towing capacity of …2024 F-150®. Discover versatility in the 2024 Ford F-150® lineup. From XL to Raptor, explore trims like STX, XLT, LARIAT®, King Ranch®, Tremor® & Platinum. Choose from impressive available engines & enjoy tech features like Ford Co-Pilot360® & a 5G hotspot.Nov 8, 2023 ... 5.0 ford f150 cam phasers 5K repair ... Does it really cost 5K to replace the Cam Phasers in a f150 5.0 V8 60,800 miles . 800 miles out of ...If you’re looking for a great home warranty in Utah, we’ve identified the three best companies that offer the most comprehensive coverage at the best prices. Expert Advice On Impro...The F150's 5.0L receives a lower compression ratio (10.5:1), intake camshafts with less duration, cast iron exhaust manifolds, and revised cylinder heads. In the truck, the latest version of Ford's Modular F150 V8 engine delivers a healthy 345hp and 350 ft-lbs of torque to the wheels.Apr 22, 2023 · Conclusion on f150 5.0 reliability. In conclusion, the 5.0 Coyote is a great engine and option for your F150. It has a proven track record when it comes to reliability and longevity. Most owners of F150s running this engine have reported that they have virtually not had to do any major repairs on the engine itself. Sep 13, 2021 · Oil level at 4200 miles, before the last oil change. Exact same level when changed, using 7.7 quarts of oil: 2013 5.0 SCREW - coming up on 142k. Use the OLM and change between 5-15%. Have used Supertech full syn 5W-20 for the last 50k miles with Motorcraft filters. Usually use around 1/2 quart between changes. Apr 22, 2023 · Conclusion on f150 5.0 reliability. In conclusion, the 5.0 Coyote is a great engine and option for your F150. It has a proven track record when it comes to reliability and longevity. Most owners of F150s running this engine have reported that they have virtually not had to do any major repairs on the engine itself. 5.0L Ti-VCT V8 Engine. This legendary available Ford V8 delivers all the muscle you need to pull or haul. Experience robust 400 horsepower and 410 lb.-ft. of torque,* courtesy of twin independent variable camshaft timing (Ti-VCT). As well as the Ford port-fuel and direct-injection (PFDI) system with two injectors per cylinder — one in the air ... 2023 Ford F-150 XL 5.0 V8: A Work Truck That's UnafFORDable For The ...Towing/ Hauling/ Plowing - Towing with a F150 5.0 V8 with towing package - I have a 3.55 rear end on a 2018 F150 súper crew cab with a factory towing package. I added Firestone air bags. I purchased a 35 ft travel trailer dry weight 6700. Max allowable wt 8300 lbs. I’ve only pulled it 20 miles to my home to prepare it...Nov 26, 2023 ... If you really care about sound the 5.0 is the only way to go. Personally I wanted the power to be top notch. The 3.5 is crazy powerful and has ...3.5 EcoBoost vs 5.0 Reliability. The 3.5 EcoBoost V6 was quite the addition to the Ford truck lineup as prior to it, the range was known to be a gas-guzzling one. But once it came into production, it was instantly compared to the larger 5.0 Coyote V8. It offered similar figures as far as power and other performance aspects were concerned.2018-2020 F-150 Engine: 5.0L Summary This article supersedes TSB 19-2338 to update the vehicle model years affected, Service Procedure and Part List. Issue: Some 2018-2020 F-150 vehicles equipped with a 5.0L engine may exhibit excessive oil consumption of greater than 1L (1 quart) in 4,800 km (3,000 mi) with no visible oil leaks. …If you’re in the market for a used Ford F150, it’s important to know what to look for when searching for one near you. The Ford F150 is one of the most popular pickup trucks on the...Prodám za 1 239 990 Kč, najeto 78 000 km, objem motoru 4 949 ccm, Benešov, Inzerát na serveru TipCars Ford F-150.5.0L Ti-VCT V8 Engine. This legendary available Ford V8 delivers all the muscle you need to pull or haul. Experience robust 400 horsepower and 410 lb.-ft. of torque,* courtesy of twin independent variable camshaft timing (Ti-VCT). As well as the Ford port-fuel and direct-injection (PFDI) system with two injectors per cylinder — one in the air ...Jul 15, 2023 ... POV VIDEO - Todos os detalhes da Ford F-150 Platinum, versão topo de linha da F-150 equipada com motor 5.0 V8 Coyote do Mustang!Mar 3, 2023 · Learn the pros and cons, similarities and differences between 5.0 Coyote engines for Ford's iconic pickup and sports coupe. See the horsepower, torque and other specs of the third-generation truck and Mustang GT versions. 2022 Ford F150 XL. $27,998* 17K mi. $799 Shipping. CarMax Norman, OK. Currently Viewing 22 of. Used Ford F150 2 Door Regular Cab for Sale on carmax.com. Search used cars, research vehicle models, and compare cars, all online at carmax.com. In this video I show you how I replace an evaporative emissions canister purge valve on a late model Ford F150 equipped with a 5.0L V-8. The process is supe...5G LTE Modem and 12-inch Touchscreen. Enjoy the speed and convenience of 5G connectivity. * Work quicker and connect up to 10 devices for quick streaming and downloading. 5 Great for long family trips. Plus, the 12-inch touchscreen provides sharp camera views and large, bright feature controls and app icons. F-150 ® XLT model shown.Jun 8, 2020 ... Pod kapotou F-150 pobublává klasický vidlicový osmiválec o objemu rovných pěti litrů, který ze sebe vymáčkne 395 koní výkonu a 542 Nm točivého ...2020 Ford F-150 Review. Price Range : $24,990 - $55,998. +139. Great. 8.1. out of 10. edmunds TESTED. The 2020 Ford F-150 is a perfect example of the tough yet modern full-size pickup truck. It ...The 6.2 L V8 engine is the largest and most powerful engine in the 2011 F150 series. With the most power, it has 411 hp and 434 lb.-ft of torque. The 6.2 L V8 engine in the 2011 Ford F150 has an automatic transmission and has a maximum towing capacity of …Oct 11, 2022 · One of the lesser known Ford F150 5.0 engine problems is related to the engine coolant temperature sensor. Ford released a technical bulletin stating that F150s produced between 2015-2022 can potentially have their engine cooling fans running continuously due to a faulty temperature sensor. The technical service bulletin also states that this ... View Photos of the 2024 Ford F-150. See exterior and interior photos of the 2024 F-150, which gains a new face and loads of fresh technology. Ford is giving its popular F-150 pickup truck a ...TrueCar has 17,992 used Ford F-150 models for sale nationwide, including a Ford F-150 XLT SuperCrew 5.5' Box 4WD and a Ford F-150 Lariat SuperCrew 5.5' Box 4WD. Prices for a used Ford F-150 currently range from $1,500 to $179,998, with vehicle mileage ranging from 5 to 399,415. Find used Ford F-150 inventory at a TrueCar Certified Dealership ...Dec 29, 2021 · 2015 - 2020 Ford F150 - Boss 302 Intake Manifold On 2015+ F-150 5.0s? - I have a 2017 F-150 5.0 and I had the P2006 and P2007 CEL codes come up back in October. I tried to order a new intake manifold from multiple places, and everyone told me they were back ordered until middle of Nov then in Nov they said middle of... 2021 Ford F150. EPA MPG Owner MPG Estimates 2021 Ford F150 Pickup 2WD 6 cyl, 3.5 L, Automatic (S10) Regular Gasoline: Not Available. How can I share my MPG? Combined MPG: 20. combined. city/highway. MPG. City MPG: 18. city. Highway MPG: 24. highway. 5.0 gals/ 100 miles .Health care providers consider you to be drinking more than is medically safe when you: Health care providers consider you to be drinking more than is medically safe when you: Are ...XLT Pickup 2D 6 1/2 ft. $40,960. $32,957. XLT Pickup 2D 8 ft. $47,390. $39,393. For reference, the 2022 Ford F150 Regular Cab originally had a starting sticker price of $33,315, with the range ...Today, that is no longer true. The biggest engine in the F-150 lineup is the 5.0-liter “Coyote” V8 with 395 horsepower, 400 lb-ft of torque and an 11,600 pound towing capacity. The 3.5-liter EcoBoost V6 offers a little less horsepower with 375, but it offers gobs more torque at 470 lb-ft and the highest towing capacity at 13,200 pounds.A supercharger kit from Ford Performance gives the F-150's 5.0-liter V-8 700 horsepower—with a factory warranty. There once was a time when sport trucks roamed the streets. The lineage dates to ...Tony Lebrun rolled in with a big F150 Coyote 5.0L wanting to build more power and responsiveness with a dyno test and tune. Tony’s F150 is a naturally aspirated, spotless, 2-wheel drive, 4-door. We used a combination of files from SCT and HP Tuners to build several different tuning configurations that we could test onThe big news is the new electric-powered F-150 Lightning, which should go on sale this spring. A high-performance F-150 Raptor R will come sometime after that, possibly as a 2022 or 2023 model ...The 2015 Ford F-150 is available with truck beds in 5.5, 6.5 and 8-foot lengths. The bed is approximately 80 inches wide, including the sides of the bed itself. Only certain truck ...Dec 29, 2021 · 2015 - 2020 Ford F150 - Boss 302 Intake Manifold On 2015+ F-150 5.0s? - I have a 2017 F-150 5.0 and I had the P2006 and P2007 CEL codes come up back in October. I tried to order a new intake manifold from multiple places, and everyone told me they were back ordered until middle of Nov then in Nov they said middle of... Cleaning your windows is one of those tasks that feels almost insurmountable. It’s obvious when they need to be cleaned, but it’s also obviously going to be a lot of work. Still, y...Raptor Pickup 4D 5 1/2 ft. $51,345. $32,562. For reference, the 2017 Ford F150 Super Cab originally had a starting sticker price of $34,020, with the range-topping F150 Super Cab Raptor Pickup 4D ...Detailed specs and features for the Used 2022 Ford F-150 including dimensions, horsepower, engine, capacity, fuel economy, transmission, engine type, cylinders, drivetrain and more.Apr 22, 2023 · Conclusion on f150 5.0 reliability. In conclusion, the 5.0 Coyote is a great engine and option for your F150. It has a proven track record when it comes to reliability and longevity. Most owners of F150s running this engine have reported that they have virtually not had to do any major repairs on the engine itself. 2015 - 2020 Ford F150 - Real World 5.0 MPG - Wondering what everyone else is getting. Most of my tanks have been 17.2-17.6 hand calculated. Lie-o-meter is always around 18.3-18.7. Worst tank 15.2 it was between -20 to 0 American temp that week. I've only owned my truck from November 21st so I've always been on winter... PRELIMINARY TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS. Fully boxed, high-strength steel frame. High-strength, military-grade, aluminum alloy body. * Horsepower and torque are independent attributes and may not be achieved simultaneously. *Not available with 122" WB. Standard Halogen Quad Beam Headlamp. Under the hood are two new engine options: the standard naturally aspirated 3.5-liter V-6 making 282 horsepower and 253 pounds-feet of torque and the optional 325-hp, 2.7-liter EcoBoost V-6 making ... Oil level at 4200 miles, before the last oil change. Exact same level when changed, using 7.7 quarts of oil: 2013 5.0 SCREW - coming up on 142k. Use the OLM and change between 5-15%. Have used Supertech full syn 5W-20 for the last 50k miles with Motorcraft filters. Usually use around 1/2 quart between changes.Towing/ Hauling/ Plowing - Towing with a F150 5.0 V8 with towing package - I have a 3.55 rear end on a 2018 F150 súper crew cab with a factory towing package. I added Firestone air bags. I purchased a 35 ft travel trailer dry weight 6700. Max allowable wt 8300 lbs. I’ve only pulled it 20 miles to my home to prepare it.... F-150 Heritage Edition SuperCrew 4x4 in Race Red Maximum towing capabilities are for properly equipped vehicles with required equipment and a 150-lb. driver and passenger and vary based on cargo,View Photos of the 2024 Ford F-150. See exterior and interior photos of the 2024 F-150, which gains a new face and loads of fresh technology. Ford is giving its popular F-150 pickup truck a ...Oil level at 4200 miles, before the last oil change. Exact same level when changed, using 7.7 quarts of oil: 2013 5.0 SCREW - coming up on 142k. Use the OLM and change between 5-15%. Have used Supertech full syn 5W-20 for the last 50k miles with Motorcraft filters. Usually use around 1/2 quart between changes.But since you asked, the 5.4 is a towing motor as opposed to the 5.0 being more of a go-fast motor (for lack of better words). The 5.4 makes it's power down low with more torque and the 5.0 makes it's power up high with more hp. The 5.0 gets better mpg by a bit but not earth shattering. Both seem to be dependable.Regardless of V6 EcoBoost or V8 5.0L, you can get your Ford F-150 truck build started here: https://bit.ly/3uENCvxSince Ford Performance introduced the "Coyo...Sep 12, 2023 · There is no image in the description but they say it is metal, designed to avoid metal fatigue, available as left and right sides,, one day delay about $40 per side. 2015 - 2020 Ford F150 - 2016 5.0 Intake Manifold replacement/upgrade - I got the dreaded intake runner code (p2006) a few weeks ago. I know there are probably a bunch of different ... Mileage: 16,921 miles Color: Gray Body Style: Pickup Engine: 6 Cyl 2.7 L Transmission: Automatic. Description: Used 2022 Ford F-150 XLT with Four-Wheel Drive, Trailer Brake Controller, Led Lights, Payload Package, Ecoboost, Fog Lights, Trailer Hitch, Alloy Wheels, Navigation System, Remote Start, and Keyless Entry.Lariat Pickup 4D 6 1/2 ft. $44,685. $21,369. Lariat Pickup 4D 8 ft. $46,450. $20,568. For reference, the 2016 Ford F150 Super Cab originally had a starting sticker price of $33,130, with the range ...A Ford F150’s fuel tank capacity varies between 23 and 36 gallons depending on whether or not the purchased vehicle is standard or extended range. The Ford F150’s cab style also af...2021 Ford F150. EPA MPG Owner MPG Estimates 2021 Ford F150 Pickup 2WD 6 cyl, 3.5 L, Automatic (S10) Regular Gasoline: Not Available. How can I share my MPG? Combined MPG: 20. combined. city/highway. MPG. City MPG: 18. city. Highway MPG: 24. highway. 5.0 gals/ 100 miles .Ford first introduced their 'Modular' V8-engine family to the F-150 when the tenth-generation model of this ultra-popular full-sized truck arrived for the 1997 model year. Those were early (two ...F-150 Heritage Edition SuperCrew 4x4 in Race Red Maximum towing capabilities are for properly equipped vehicles with required equipment and a 150-lb. driver and passenger and vary based on cargo,This is a 2022 5.0L f150 with the 3 inch MBRP installer series. This kit comes with an option of a resonator or a resonator delete. This video is without the...Sep 1, 2020 · The F150's 5.0L receives a lower compression ratio (10.5:1), intake camshafts with less duration, cast iron exhaust manifolds, and revised cylinder heads. In the truck, the latest version of Ford's Modular F150 V8 engine delivers a healthy 345hp and 350 ft-lbs of torque to the wheels. Dec 23, 2019 · XLT Pickup 2D 6 1/2 ft. $31,890. $15,457. XLT Pickup 2D 8 ft. $37,210. $18,882. For reference, the 2015 Ford F150 Regular Cab originally had a starting sticker price of $26,840, with the range ... Jun 17, 2023 ... I review a 2023 Ford F150 5.0L coyote V8 engine as a heavy duty mechanic and compare it to the 3.5L EcoBoost when it comes to towing.Ford F150 5.0 with ONLY 62K miles! water pump failure. Kick back, relax and follow along as I replace a water pump on this 5.0 F150 that I just so happen to ...Overview Specifications POWERTRAIN/CHASSIS POWERTRAIN 3.7L V6 5.0L V8 6.2L V8 3.5L EcoBoost Valvetrain Ti-VCT DOHC Ti-VCT DOHC VCT SOHC Ti-VCT DOHC Block/head Aluminum/aluminum Aluminum/aluminum Cast iron/aluminum Aluminum/aluminum Bore x stroke 3.76 x 3.45 in. 3.63 x 3.65 in. 4.02 x 3.74 in. 3.64 x …Twin-turbocharged 3.5-liter EcoBoost V6 (400 horsepower and 510 lb-ft of torque) SXT. The 2024 Ford F-150 SXT is the next step up at $45,895. It is virtually the same as the XL but …Here we will look at some of the most common gas type by year used on F150 trucks from 2010 to 2022. 2010 F150: 87 octane. 2011 F150: 87 octane. 2012 F150: 87 octane. 2013 F150: 87 octane. 2014 F150: 87 octane-91 Or Higher Octane Gas. 2015 F150: 87 octane-91 Or Higher Octane Gas. 2016 F150: 87 octane-91 Or Higher Octane Gas.The tuner kit's V-3 Si-Trim supercharger is a self-contained, internally lubricated centrifugal unit that's capable of producing 8-10 psi of boost. The new Vortech blower system can help 2021-to ...Apr 22, 2023 · Conclusion on f150 5.0 reliability. In conclusion, the 5.0 Coyote is a great engine and option for your F150. It has a proven track record when it comes to reliability and longevity. Most owners of F150s running this engine have reported that they have virtually not had to do any major repairs on the engine itself. A Ford F150’s fuel tank capacity varies between 23 and 36 gallons depending on whether or not the purchased vehicle is standard or extended range. The Ford F150’s cab style also af...The Netspend Visa Prepaid card is a simple option for transaction payments without requiring a bank account. No credit check is required when applying. We may be compensated when y...In this video I show you how I replace an evaporative emissions canister purge valve on a late model Ford F150 equipped with a 5.0L V-8. The process is supe...If you’re in the market for a used Ford F150, you’ve come to the right place. Finding the best deals on used Ford F150s can be a daunting task, but with a little research and patie...Rough Country Cold Air Intake for 2015-2020 Ford F-150 | V8/5.0L - 10555 · Roush 422267 Cold Air Intake for 2018-2023 Ford F150 5.0 V8 · K&N Cold Air Intake Kit&n...The following 2 users liked this post by johnday in BFE: 2015 - 2020 Ford F150 - Best tune for 5.0 Coyote - I am lookong for feedback from owners of current gen 5.0s that run different tunes. I am hoping some of you have run both 5star and omega tunes on your trucks and are able to provide me with some feedback.Ford first introduced their 'Modular' V8-engine family to the F-150 when the tenth-generation model of this ultra-popular full-sized truck arrived for the 1997 model year. Those were early (two ...Welcome back everyone! In this episode, Bob is changing the oil in his 2013 F150 with the 5.0 V8. He also installs 2 devices to help make oil changes quicker...5.0. Reliable and handy. October 16, 2023. By Marlow from Council Bluffs, IA. Owns this car. I have a blue one with a topper on the back, it is very reliable, it is rather rusty but I got it...Learn how to replace the AC compressor on your 2011-2014 F150 5.0 with this helpful video. Tips and tricks included.Jun 17, 2023 ... I review a 2023 Ford F150 5.0L coyote V8 engine as a heavy duty mechanic and compare it to the 3.5L EcoBoost when it comes to towing.How do you use the colors from your travels to inspire the spaces you live in? We gave 50 travelers the same mission: find and match the perfect colors from your state. From Illino...To trust someone you love is important. Otherwise, you’ll be forever doubting that person, creating serious To trust someone you love is important. Otherwise, you’ll be forever dou...2015 - 2020 Ford F150 - Boss 302 Intake Manifold On 2015+ F-150 5.0s? - I have a 2017 F-150 5.0 and I had the P2006 and P2007 CEL codes come up back in October. I tried to order a new intake manifold from multiple places, and everyone told me they were back ordered until middle of Nov then in Nov they said middle of...Not really an install video but couldn't find many deep explanations on this, questioned whether it worked or not, what to do with certain things. Figured I ...Step 2 – Install new PCV valve. Before attempting to install the new PCV valve, compare it with the old unit to ensure they are the same. With variations in design, it is common for individuals to end up with the wrong valve. Install the new PCV valve into the valve cover or intake manifold (depending on engine model).2015 - 2020 Ford F150 - Boss 302 Intake Manifold On 2015+ F-150 5.0s? - I have a 2017 F-150 5.0 and I had the P2006 and P2007 CEL codes come up back in October. I tried to order a new intake manifold from multiple places, and everyone told me they were back ordered until middle of Nov then in Nov they said middle of...Learn about the history, specs, and models of the 5.0L V8 engine in the 2020 Ford F-150, a naturally aspirated eight-cylinder powerplant from the modular eng…The 2014 F150 5.0 takes a coolant that is a 50/50 mix of water and antifreeze. This coolant mix will protect your engine from overheating and freezing. How Car Cooling System Works. 2011 F-150 Cooling System Diagram . If you’re looking for a 2011 F-150 cooling system diagram, you’ve come to the right place. Here at Ford Parts …2015 - 2020 Ford F150 - F150 5.0 Best Years - Issues to be aware of - I am looking to get my son a used 2015+ F150, CCSB (6-1/2), 4x4, 5.0. He's in his last year of high school, so this truck would need to serve him well for at least another 60,000 miles thru 4 years of college. Wanted to ask you guys what are the...Elevate your driving experience with the customizable Ford F-150®. Our build and price page lets you customize and configure every detail of your vehicle. Use the "let us find it for you" tool to get a price based on your customization.Sep 12, 2023 · There is no image in the description but they say it is metal, designed to avoid metal fatigue, available as left and right sides,, one day delay about $40 per side. 2015 - 2020 Ford F150 - 2016 5.0 Intake Manifold replacement/upgrade - I got the dreaded intake runner code (p2006) a few weeks ago. I know there are probably a bunch of different ... Ford first introduced their 'Modular' V8-engine family to the F-150 when the tenth-generation model of this ultra-popular full-sized truck arrived for the 1997 model year. Those were early (two ...The big news is the new electric-powered F-150 Lightning, which should go on sale this spring. A high-performance F-150 Raptor R will come sometime after that, possibly as a 2022 or 2023 model ...Step 2 – Install new PCV valve. Before attempting to install the new PCV valve, compare it with the old unit to ensure they are the same. With variations in design, it is common for individuals to end up with the wrong valve. Install the new PCV valve into the valve cover or intake manifold (depending on engine model).7.4 - 8.4 sec. mile. 15.4 @ 87 - 16.3 @ mph. 5.9 - 9.6. 2020 Ford F-150 0-60 Times and Quarter Mile. ---1